本页提供题录、可核实摘要与阅读线索。AI 解读未完成全文核验，可能有误；具体假设、证明和结论请核对原文。仅依据书目生成的内容属于阅读导航，不是对论文结论的确认。
摘要保留来源文本，未经模型改写。材料不足时保留待解读状态；引用采用 OpenAlex 单条关联记录，不合计版本，缺失不视为零，也不代表论文质量。
正在核对对应版本的资源…
This article presents a modification of the Shapiro-Wilk W statistic for testing normality which can be used with large samples. Shapiro and Wilk gave coefficients and percentage points for sample sizes up to 50. These coefficients required obtaining an approximation to the covariance matrix of the normal order statistics. The proposed test uses coefficients which depend only on the expected values of the normal order statistics which are generally available. Results of an empirical sampling study to compare the sensitivity of the test statistic to the W test statistic are briefly discussed.