Bridging Balancing Weights and Augmentation in Covariate-adjusted Analyses with Time-to-Event Endpoints: Theory and Practical Recommendations
生存结局协变量调整中平衡加权与增广方法的联系
Covariate adjustment improves the efficiency of treatment-effect analyses in randomized clinical trials, provided the adjustment targets the correct quantity. For time-to-event endpoints, two marginal targets are of primary interest: the log-rank test for the presence of a treatment effect and the marginal hazard ratio for its magnitude. Existing covariate adjustment approaches reach these targets by different ways. Augmentation adjusts the log-rank score by regressing…