Realizing Common Random Numbers: Event-Keyed Hashing for Causally Valid Stochastic Models
实现共同随机数:用于因果有效随机模型的事件键控哈希
Agent-based models (ABMs) are widely used to estimate causal treatment effects via paired counterfactual simulation. A standard variance reduction technique is common random numbers (CRNs), which couples replicates across intervention scenarios by sharing the same random inputs. In practice, CRNs are implemented by reusing the same base seed, but this relies on a critical assumption: that the same draw index corresponds to the same modeled event across scenarios. Stateful…