From What Ifs to Insights: Counterfactuals in Causal Inference vs. Explainable AI
从假设情景到洞见:因果推断与可解释人工智能中的反事实
Counterfactuals play a pivotal role in the two distinct data science fields of causal inference (CI) and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). While the core idea behind counterfactuals remains the same in both fields--the examination of what would have happened under different circumstances--there are key differences in how they are used and interpreted. We introduce a formal definition that encompasses the multi-faceted concept of the counterfactual in CI and XAI. We…