Modifying causal models to distinguish between transient and lasting causal effects
修改因果模型以区分暂时与持久的因果效应
This paper considers how to classify the effects of interventions in causal models for outcomes and exposures observed over time. First, we demonstrate the limitations of the most common uses of potential outcomes and causal directed acyclic graphs for capturing all possible interventions in a time varying framework, particularly in problems where the key question concerns interventions to maintain or change equilibrium behaviour. Second, we adopt a system and state based…