Application of Propensity Score Models and Causal Estimators in Observational Studies under Model Misspecification
模型误设下观测研究中倾向得分模型与因果估计量的应用
Propensity score (PS) methods are widely used in observational studies to reduce confounding and estimate causal treatment effects. However, the validity of PS-based causal estimators depends heavily on correct model specification, and model misspecification may lead to substantial bias and instability. In this study, we systematically evaluate the performance of commonly used causal estimators, including response surface modeling (RSM), inverse probability weighting (IPW),…