Nickell Bias in Panel Local Projection: Financial Crises Are Worse Than You Think
面板局部投影中的 Nickell 偏误:金融危机损失可能被低估
Panel local projection (LP) with fixed-effects (FE) is widely adopted for evaluating the economic consequences of financial crises across countries. This paper highlights a fundamental methodological issue: the presence of the Nickell bias in the panel FE estimator due to inherent dynamic structures of predictive specifications, even if the regressors have no lagged dependent variables. The Nickell bias invalidates the standard inferential procedure based on the $t$-statistic…