Shapes as Product Differentiation: Neural Network Embedding in the Analysis of Markets for Fonts
形状作为产品差异化:字体市场分析中的神经网络嵌入
Many differentiated products have key attributes that are unstructured and thus high-dimensional (e.g., design, text). Instead of treating unstructured attributes as unobservables in economic models, quantifying them can be important to answer interesting economic questions. To propose an analytical framework for these types of products, this paper considers one of the simplest design products-fonts-and investigates merger and product differentiation using an original…