Assessing Delayed Treatment Benefits of Immunotherapy Using Long-Term Average Hazard: A Novel Test/Estimation Approach
用长期平均风险评估免疫治疗的延迟获益
Delayed treatment effects on time-to-event outcomes have often been observed in randomized controlled studies of cancer immunotherapies. In the case of delayed onset of treatment effect, the conventional test/estimation approach using the log-rank test for between-group comparison and Cox's hazard ratio to estimate the magnitude of treatment effect is not optimal, because the log-rank test is not the most powerful option, and the interpretation of the resulting hazard ratio…