Doubly robust causal inference through penalized bias-reduced estimation: combining non-probability samples with designed surveys
惩罚化偏差缩减的双重稳健因果推断:融合非概率样本与设计调查
Causal inference on the average treatment effect (ATE) using non-probability samples, such as electronic health records (EHR), faces challenges from sample selection bias and high-dimensional covariates. This requires considering a selection model alongside treatment and outcome models that are typical ingredients in causal inference. This paper considers integrating large non-probability samples with external probability samples from a design survey, addressing moderately…