Distributional Balancing with Machine Learning for Clinical Trial Augmentation Using Real-World Data
利用机器学习实现分布平衡:以真实世界数据增强临床试验
In clinical trials, randomization of treatment and control groups is typically used to ensure the groups have similar covariate distributions on average, resulting in unbiased causal effect estimation. Such balanced covariate distributions are hard to achieve in practice, however, due to recruitment costs, patient dropouts, and more. One possible solution to this problem is to include control patients from external, real world databases. In this paper, we propose DBML, a…