Network Meta-Analysis of survival outcomes with non-proportional hazards using flexible M-splines
利用灵活 M 样条处理非比例风险的生存结局网络荟萃分析
Network meta-analysis (NMA) is widely used in healthcare decision-making, where estimates of the effect of multiple treatments on outcomes are required. For time-to-event outcomes such as survival or disease progression the most common approach is to model log hazard ratios; however, this relies on the proportional hazards assumption. Novel treatments such as immunotherapies are expected to display complex hazard functions that cannot be captured by standard parametric…