Leveraging External Controls for Treatment Switching in Randomized Controlled Trials: A Weighted Causal Inference Framework for Overall Survival
利用外部对照调整随机试验中的治疗转换:总生存期的加权因果框架
In many oncology clinical trials where overall survival is a key endpoint, patients are permitted to switch from the control arm to the experimental treatment arm or other suitable therapies. Switching can occur for various reasons, including disease progression. This violates the causal guarantees of randomized treatment assignment, resulting in biased treatment effect estimates. Existing methods often require strong assumptions, complicated model specifications, or both.…