Sharp symbolic nonparametric bounds for measures of benefit in observational and imperfect randomized studies with ordinal outcomes
有序结果下观察性研究与不完全随机试验获益指标的尖锐非参数界
The probability of benefit is a valuable and important measure of treatment effect, which has advantages over the average treatment effect. Particularly for an ordinal outcome, it has a better interpretation and can make apparent different aspects of the treatment impact. Unfortunately, this measure, and variations of it, are not identifiable even in randomized trials with perfect compliance. There is, for this reason, a long literature on nonparametric bounds for…