Regression-Based Estimation of Causal Effects in the Presence of Selection Bias and Confounding
存在选择偏差与混杂时的因果效应回归估计
We consider the problem of estimating the expected causal effect $E[Y|do(X)]$ for a target variable $Y$ when treatment $X$ is set by intervention, focusing on continuous random variables. In settings without selection bias or confounding, $E[Y|do(X)] = E[Y|X]$, which can be estimated using standard regression methods. However, regression fails when systematic missingness induced by selection bias, or confounding distorts the data. Proxy variables unaffected by the selection…