Distributional Difference-in-Differences: Aggregation Before or After Quantile Inversion?
分布双重差分:分位数反演前聚合还是反演后聚合?AI 解读 ↓
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分布双重差分:分位数反演前聚合还是反演后聚合?AI 解读 ↓
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Staggered distributional difference-in-differences produces cohort-specific potential-outcome distributions, but applied work typically wants one overall quantile treatment effect. Two natural summaries---averaging cohort quantile treatment effects (QTTs) and mixing cohort distributions before inversion---use the same policy weights yet answer different target-population questions and can disagree even in sign. We derive the exact sharp interval for their gap conditional on cohort quantiles and weights, a globally sharp range-only envelope, and a locally sharp density-tilt representation. We develop joint smooth and mass-point-safe inference and show that neither estimator is uniformly more precise, even when the estimands coincide. In a same-object reconstruction of a public staggered-QTT application, holding data, identification, distributions, and weights fixed while changing only aggregation order reverses reported signs at several quantiles. Aggregation order is therefore part of the estimand and must be chosen before inversion.
测地线双重差分
Summary Difference-in-differences (DID) is a widely used quasi-experimental design for causal inference, traditionally applied to scalar or Euclidean outcomes, while extensions to outcomes residing in non-Euclidean spaces remain limited. Existing methods for such outcomes have primarily focused on univariate distributions, leveraging linear operations in the space of quantile functions, but these approaches cannot be directly extended to outcomes in general metric spaces. In…
测地线双重差分
Difference-in-differences (DID) is a widely used quasi-experimental design for causal inference, traditionally applied to scalar or Euclidean outcomes, while extensions to outcomes residing in non-Euclidean spaces remain limited. Existing methods for such outcomes have primarily focused on univariate distributions, leveraging linear operations in the space of quantile functions, but these approaches cannot be directly extended to outcomes in general metric spaces. In this…
分布双重差分框架下的处理异质性检验
We develop a novel distributional Difference-in-Differences (DiD) framework to capture treatment heterogeneity across outcome distributions. By leveraging optimal transport, we use the control group to estimate the untreated distributional drift from the pre- to post-treatment period and apply it to the treated group's pre-treatment baseline, constructing a counterfactual distribution under the assumption of no treatment effect. We frame the null hypothesis as a…
可能非连续结局下处理组的分位数与分布处理效应
Applied Difference-in-Differences studies often involve outcomes that are discrete, mixed, censored, or otherwise non-continuously distributed, while policy questions frequently concern distributional effects rather than mean effects alone. This paper develops a distributional DiD framework for identifying and conducting uniform inference on distribution and quantile treatment effects on the treated in such settings under stated identifying and regularity conditions.…
通用双重差分的非参数框架
Difference-in-differences (DiD) is a popular approach to evaluate treatment effects in settings where both pre- and post-treatment measurements of the outcome are available. Despite its popularity, existing methods face important limitations. Specifically, they either: (i) only apply to continuous outcomes and the average treatment effect on the treated; (ii) are sensitive to the transformation of the outcome; (iii) rely on a no unmeasured confounding assumption given…
去偏且具有半参数效率的变化中变化估计量
We present a novel extension of the influential changes-in-changes (CiC) framework of Athey and Imbens (2006) for estimating the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) and distributional causal effects in panel data with unmeasured confounding. While CiC relaxes the parallel trends assumption in difference-in-differences (DiD), existing methods typically assume a scalar unobserved confounder and monotonic outcome relationships, and lack inference tools that…