Fertility, Child Gender, and Parental Migration Decision: Evidence from China
生育、子女性别与父母迁移决策:来自中国的证据AI 解读 ↓
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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要以政策断点式变异做因果识别,并研究迁移这一离散家庭决策,故对应因果推断与离散选择两个方向。
生育、子女性别与父母迁移决策:来自中国的证据AI 解读 ↓
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We study how the number and gender of children affect rural-tourban parental migration in China. Exploiting variation from the “1.5- child policy,” which allowed a second birth only if the firstborn was a girl, we separately identify the causal effects of fertility and child gender based on a novel semi-parametric method. Using the 2010 population census, we find that an additional child increases the likelihood of joint parental migration by 12.1 percent, while the presence of a son raises it by a further 11.6 percent. These comparable magnitudes show that gender matters as much as fertility in shaping migration decisions. The results suggest that the higher financial demands of larger families—especially those with boys—outweigh the emotional costs of separation, motivating parents to migrate. Traditional IV estimates would be severely downward biased if only the number of children were considered.
可分二元治疗选择模型下的工具变量非参数推断
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指数异方差下二元响应与连续结果的半参数模型
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随机潜在选择与潜在结果
Applied econometricians typically model each individual as having fixed outcomes under treatment and control and, in instrumental-variables (IV) settings, fixed treatment decisions under each value of the instrument. This paper asks what changes when outcomes and treatment allocations or choices are stochastic at the individual level. In the model, each individual has a stable (but possibly stochastic) response type consisting of two objects: a treatment choice probability…
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含内生虚拟解释变量的广义双变量Probit模型估计
Summary The purpose of this paper is to provide guidelines for empirical researchers who use a class of bivariate threshold crossing models with dummy endogenous variables. A common practice employed by the researchers is the specification of the joint distribution of unobservables as a bivariate normal distribution, which results in a bivariate probit model . To address the problem of misspecification in this practice, we propose an easy‐to‐implement semiparametric…
We develop an instrumental variable approach for identification of dynamic treatment effects on survival outcomes in the presence of dynamic selection, noncompliance, and right-censoring. The approach is nonparametric and does not require independence of observed and unobserved characteristics or separability assumptions. We propose estimation procedures and derive asymptotic properties. We apply our approach to evaluate a policy reform in which the pathway of unemployment…