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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要直接以异方差识别和联立方程估计双向因果效应。

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关注这篇论文的作者
Masahiro Tanaka

利用大规模在线核学习估计双向因果效应

研究问题
在变量相互影响且存在异方差的系统中,如何利用异方差识别双向因果效应,并适应非线性、高维和流式数据?
方法与思路
作者结合联立方程准极大似然与在线核学习,用随机傅里叶特征近似非线性条件均值和方差,并采用自适应在线梯度下降。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称,模拟中该方法相较单方程与多项式近似基准具有更低偏差和均方根误差,且计算规模接近线性增长。
阅读关注点
应核对异方差识别所需限制、双向参数的定义,以及核近似误差、在线更新收敛条件和计算复杂度的评估范围。
阅读边界
这是arXiv预印本,同行评审或期刊接收未经核实。摘要未给出识别条件、理论误差界或具体模拟数值,不能据此认定普遍优越。

原文摘要

In this study, a scalable online kernel learning framework is proposed for estimating bidirectional causal effects in systems characterized by mutual dependence and heteroskedasticity. Traditional causal inference often focuses on unidirectional effects, overlooking the common bidirectional relationships in real-world phenomena. Building on heteroskedasticity-based identification, the proposed method integrates a quasi-maximum likelihood estimator for simultaneous equation models with large scale online kernel learning. It employs random Fourier feature approximations to flexibly model nonlinear conditional means and variances, while an adaptive online gradient descent algorithm ensures computational efficiency for streaming and high-dimensional data. Results from extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior accuracy and stability than single equation and polynomial approximation baselines, exhibiting lower bias and root mean squared error across various data-generating processes. These results confirm that the proposed approach effectively captures complex bidirectional causal effects with near-linear computational scaling. By combining econometric identification with modern machine learning techniques, the proposed framework offers a practical, scalable, and theoretically grounded solution for large scale causal inference in natural/social science, policy making, business, and industrial applications.

笔记与分组