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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要以联合分析实验的随机化为依据检验属性的因果作用,直接对应因果推断;未明确提出离散选择模型的识别或估计方法。

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关注这篇论文的作者
Dae Woong Ham
Kosuke Imai
Lucas Janson

利用机器学习检验联合分析中的因果假设

研究问题
研究联合分析实验中,在给定其他属性后,某一属性是否以任何方式影响决策,并避免仅依赖平均边际效应或预设交互模型。
方法与思路
作者利用属性随机分配开展条件随机化检验,允许使用机器学习构造检验统计量,并扩展至检验联合分析中的常用规律性假设。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称,该方法结合随机化设计与灵活统计量的优势,并以移民偏好和政治候选人评价展示,同时提供开源实现软件。
阅读关注点
应核对检验零假设、已知随机分配机制、机器学习训练与检验的衔接,以及重复回答或属性约束对随机化检验的影响。
阅读边界
这是预印本,同行评审或期刊接收未核实。摘要所称无需假设应结合随机化设计理解;检验有效性边界及功效结果未说明。

原文摘要

Conjoint analysis is a popular experimental design used to measure multidimensional preferences. Researchers examine how varying a factor of interest, while controlling for other relevant factors, influences decision-making. Currently, there exist two methodological approaches to analyzing data from a conjoint experiment. The first focuses on estimating the average marginal effects of each factor while averaging over the other factors. Although this allows for straightforward design-based estimation, the results critically depend on the distribution of other factors and how interaction effects are aggregated. An alternative model-based approach can compute various quantities of interest, but requires researchers to correctly specify the model, a challenging task for conjoint analysis with many factors and possible interactions. In addition, a commonly used logistic regression has poor statistical properties even with a moderate number of factors when incorporating interactions. We propose a new hypothesis testing approach based on the conditional randomization test to answer the most fundamental question of conjoint analysis: Does a factor of interest matter in any way given the other factors? Our methodology is solely based on the randomization of factors, and hence is free from assumptions. Yet, it allows researchers to use any test statistic, including those based on complex machine learning algorithms. As a result, we are able to combine the strengths of the existing design-based and model-based approaches. We illustrate the proposed methodology through conjoint analysis of immigration preferences and political candidate evaluation. We also extend the proposed approach to test for regularity assumptions commonly used in conjoint analysis. An open-source software package is available for implementing the proposed methodology.

笔记与分组
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