Who Benefits from Environmental Regulation? Evidence from the Clean Air Act Amendments
谁从环境监管中受益?来自《清洁空气法》修正案的证据AI 解读 ↓
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谁从环境监管中受益?来自《清洁空气法》修正案的证据AI 解读 ↓
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Using geographically disaggregated data and exploiting an instrumental variable strategy, we show that contrary to conventional wisdom, the benefits of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) were progressive. The CAAA created incentives for local regulators to target the initially dirtiest areas for cleanup, creating heterogeneity in the incidence of air quality improvements that favored lower-income households. Based on house price appreciation, households in the lowest quintile of the income distribution received annual benefits from the program equal to 0.3 percent of their income on average during the 1990s, over twice as much as those in the highest quintile.