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分段协整的推断AI 解读

A cointegration relation is often interpreted as a long-run equilibrium relation whereas short-run deviations are allowed to a certain extent. In practice, however, real data often fail to confirm cointegration for a well understood economic relation. This paper proposes that in many cases failure of confirming cointegration is due to nonstationary deviations in a relatively small portion of the data period (“short-run”) whereas a cointegration relation prevails in the other…

利用平稳协变量进行单位根检验AI 解读

We derive the family of tests for a unit root with maximal power against a point alternative when an arbitrary number of stationary covariates are modeled with the potentially integrated series. We show that very large power gains are available when such covariates are available. We then derive tests which are simple to construct (involving the running of vector autoregressions) and achieve at a point the power envelopes derived under very general conditions. These tests…

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单位根检验与初始条件AI 解读

The paper analyzes the impact of the initial condition on the problem of testing for unit roots. To this end, we derive a family of optimal tests that maximize a weighted average power criterion with respect to the initial condition. We then investigate the relationship of this optimal family to popular tests. We find that many unit root tests are closely related to specific members of the optimal family, but the corresponding members employ very different weightings for the…

季节性检验AI 解读

stochastic seasonality proposed by Canova and Hansen. A simplified form of the test statistic in which the nonparametric correction for serial correlation is based on estimates of the spectrum at the seasonal frequencies is considered and shown to have the same asymptotic distribution as the original formulation. Under the null hypothesis, the distribution of the seasonality test statistics is not affected by the inclusion of trends, even when modified to allow for…

This paper deals with cross section dependence, homogeneity restrictions and small sample bias issues in dynamic panel regressions. To address the bias problem we develop a panel approach to median unbiased estimation that takes account of cross section dependence. The estimators given here considerably reduce the effects of bias and gain precision from estimating cross section error correlation. This paper also develops an asymptotic theory for tests of coefficient…

马尔可夫体制转换下单位根检验的渐近性质AI 解读

processes observationally equivalent and that unit root tests virtually have no power to detect stationary processes around switching trends, although autocorrelation-robust unit root tests are not affected by size distortions. Conversely, Markov switches in the mean of the transitory components do not change the usual asymptotic properties of the tests. Finally, it is shown that in large samples Markov-switching variances cause neither size distortions nor inconsistency of…

探索经济时间序列：贝叶斯图形方法AI 解读

Many macroeconomic time series exhibit non-stationary behaviour. When modelling such series an important problem is to assess the nature of this non-stationary behaviour. Initial interest centred on two types of linear non-stationary models, namely those for which the removal of a trend induces stationarity and those for which taking the first difference produces a stationary series. The latter are referred to as unit root models. More recently, other models such as state…

小国进口价格决定机制的I(2)协整分析AI 解读

This paper develops a procedure for testing hypotheses on the full set of cointegration parameters of the I(2) model. It applies this procedure to the analysis of small-country import price determination, extending the standard empirical framework to allow for variables integrated of order two. The empirical analysis of Danish data for 1975--1995 yields a fully specified long-run structure of the I(2) model in terms of stationary pricing-to-market and inventory relations, a…

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长记忆参数的高阶核半参数 M 估计AI 解读

Econometric interest in the possibility of long memory has developed as a flexible alternative to, or compromise between, the usual short memory or unit root prescriptions, for example in the context of modelling cointegrating or other relationships and in describing the dependence structure of nonlinear functions of financial returns. Semiparametric methods of estimating the memory parameter can avoid bias incurred by misspecification of the short memory component. We…

远期汇率无偏性检验：水平回归与收益率回归AI 解读

Several recent empirical studies have been forced to reject exact 1:1 cointegration between spot and forward exchange rates. Theoretically, this is shown to provide a possible explanation for the puzzling negative estimates reported from spot-return-forward-premium regressions. In particular, the coefficient in this regression has a unit root component in its limit distribution that imparts a bias and skewness to the estimator. Simulations are used to demonstrate how even…

单位根检验的残差分块自助法AI 解读

A nonparametric, residual-based block bootstrap procedure is proposed in the context of testing for integrated (unit root) time series. The resampling procedure is based on weak assumptions on the dependence structure of the stationary process driving the random walk and successfully generates unit root integrated pseudo-series retaining the important characteristics of the data. It is more general than previous bootstrap approaches to the unit root problem in that it allows…

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向量误差修正模型面板的似然协整分析AI 解读

panels of a fixed number of vector error-correction (VEC) models. We obtain likelihood ratio statistics to test for a common cointegration rank across the individual VEC models with both heterogeneous and homogeneous cointegrating vectors. Their limiting distributions are a summation of the limiting behavior of Johansen trace statistics. We extend the asymptotic distribution theory to cover the case of an infinite cross-sectional dimension. We apply the framework to a…

单位根检验的功效函数与功效包络AI 解读

This paper studies power functions and envelopes for covariate augmented unit root tests. The power functions are calculated by integrating the characteristic function, allowing accurate evaluation of the power envelope and the power functions. Using the power functions, we study the selection among point optimal invariant unit root tests. An “optimal” point optimal test is proposed based on minimizing the integrated power difference. We find that when there are covariate…

若干季节单位根检验的渐近性质AI 解读

This paper analyzes the large sample behavior of the seasonal unit root tests of Dickey, Hasza, and Fuller (1984, Journal of the American Statistical Association 79, 355–367) when applied to a series that admits a unit root at the zero but not seasonal spectral frequencies. We show that in such cases the Dickey et al. statistics have nondegenerate limiting distributions. Consequently, there is a nonzero probability that, taken in isolation, they will lead the applied…

时间序列计量模型的实证极限AI 解读

This paper characterizes empirically achievable limits for time series econometric modeling and forecasting. The approach involves the concept of minimal information loss in time series regression and the paper shows how to derive bounds that delimit the proximity of empirical measures to the true probability measure (the DGP) in models that are of econometric interest. The approach utilizes joint probability measures over the combined space of parameters and observables and…

非线性 STAR 框架下的单位根检验AI 解读

In this paper, we propose a simple testing procedure to detect the presence of nonstationarity against nonlinear but globally stationary exponential smooth transition autoregressive processes. We provide an advance over the existing literature in three senses. First, we derive the limiting nonstandard distribution of the proposed tests. Second, we find via Monte Carlo simulation exercises that under the alternative of a globally stationary ESTAR process, our proposed test…

一般分数阶单整过程的渐近理论及单位根检验应用AI 解读

In this paper, functional limit theorems for general fractional processes are established under quite weak conditions. The results are then used to derive weak convergence of general nonstationary fractionally integrated processes and to characterize unit root distribution in a model with error being a fractional autoregressive moving average process or a nonstationary fractionally integrated process.The authors thank three referees and an associate editor for their detailed…

时间聚合下协整估计量的渐近效率AI 解读

This paper examines the effects of temporal aggregation on the asymptotic variances of estimators in cointegrated systems. Two important findings are obtained. First, estimators based on flow data alone are more efficient than when the data are all stocks or a mixture of stocks and flows. Second, estimators based on flow data are as efficient as when the data are recorded continuously. A method of improving efficiency with stock variables is also proposed, and an empirical…

关于自助法单位根检验功效的说明AI 解读

In this note we consider the asymptotic power functions of some bootstrap unit root tests under local alternatives and show that they are in fact the same as for ordinary unit root tests. This is regardless of whether the differences of the observations, i.e., the so-called restricted residuals, or the ordinary least squares residuals are used to construct the resampled observations. We also consider models containing a constant and a linear trend and the DF-GLS tests…