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非零二阶交互作用对优势比合并估计量的影响AI 解读

In combining odds ratios across strata, the assumption of zero second-order interaction is usually made in order to simplify estimation. The implications for the use of the general logistic model, when this assumption is not met, are considered. Using Monte Carlo techniques, the effect of nonzero second-order interaction on five available combined estimators is considered and an attempt made to provide results applicable in a variety of research situations.

非零二阶交互作用对合并优势比估计量的影响AI 解读

In combining odds ratios across strata, the assumption of zero second-order interaction is usually made in order to simplify estimation. The implications for the use of the general logistic model, when this assumption is not met, are considered. Using Monte Carlo techniques, the effect of nonzero second-order interaction on five available combined estimators is considered and an attempt made to provide results applicable in a variety of research situations.

偏差对配对匹配及分层样本相对风险估计量的影响AI 解读

Monte Carlo methods are employed to compare the effectiveness of pair-matched and independent stratified samples for estimating relative risk in the presence of bias. Three approximations to the maximum likelihood estimator for stratified samples suggested by Woolf, Mantel and Haenszel and Birch, respectively [25, 17, 2], are also compared. The sampling model is modified to approximate the practical choices for a researcher and to allow for the loss of unmatchable sample…

观察性研究的设计与分析：综述AI 解读

In recent years the number of studies which attempt comparisons without adequate randomization has increased rapidly, particularly in disciplines and areas of research involving human populations. This article highlights some of the more important developments (and emerging needs) in the design and analysis of such investigations. It provides a historical overview of those techniques adapted to bias reduction, covers recent developments in contingency table analysis,…