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结合倾向得分匹配与预后协变量的额外调整AI 解读

Propensity score matching refers to a class of multivariate methods used in comparative studies to construct treated and matched control samples that have similar distributions on many covariates. This matching is the observational study analog of randomization in ideal experiments, but is far less complete as it can only balance the distribution of observed covariates, whereas randomization balances the distribution of all covariates, both observed and unobserved. An…

相关潜在特质的高效矩阵抽样测量工具：美国教育进展评估实例AI 解读

We study the efficiency of administering different subsets of a large collection of items in a sample survey to different people to estimate the distribution of several correlated traits. The designs are motivated by examples from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, an ongoing survey of U.S. students in the fourth, eighth, and twelfth grades. In this survey the traits represent proficiency in different subjects. For example, the Mathematics assessment estimates…

相关潜在特质的高效矩阵抽样测评：美国全国教育进展评估实例AI 解读

We study the efficiency of administering different subsets of a large collection of items in a sample survey to different people to estimate the distribution of several correlated traits. The designs are motivated by examples from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, an ongoing survey of U.S. students in the fourth, eighth, and twelfth grades. In this survey the traits represent proficiency in different subjects. For example, the Mathematics assessment estimates…

正态分布下线性倾向得分匹配效果的刻画AI 解读

Matched sampling is a standard technique for controlling bias in observational studies due to specific covariates. Since Rosenbaum & Rubin (1983), multivariate matching methods based on estimated propensity scores have been used with increasing frequency in medical, educational, and sociological applications. We obtain analytic expressions for the effect of matching using linear propensity score methods with normal distributions. These expressions cover cases where the…