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利用簇随机化估计簇内溢出效应：印度农村知识扩散应用AI 解读

Summary Spillover effects within randomized clusters pose a challenge for identifying impacts of an individualized treatment. The paper proposes a solution. Longitudinal and intra‐household observations are combined in estimating the direct knowledge gain from watching an info‐movie in rural India, while randomized village assignment identifies knowledge sharing. Simulations on synthetic data and econometric tests provide support for the estimation method. We find evidence…

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用倾向得分匹配估计反贫困项目的受益分布AI 解读

problem of estimating the distribution of net income gains from an Argentinean workfare program. PSM has a number of attractive features in this context, including the need to allow for heterogeneous impacts, while optimally weighting observed characteristics when forming a comparison group. The average direct gain to the participant is found to be about half the gross wage. Over half of the beneficiaries are in the poorest decile nationally, and 80% are in the poorest…

地理贫困陷阱？中国农村消费增长的微观模型AI 解读

Abstract How important are neighbourhood endowments of physical and human capital in explaining diverging fortunes over time for otherwise identical households in a developing rural economy? To answer this question we develop an estimable micro model of consumption growth allowing for constraints on factor mobility and externalities, whereby geographic capital can influence the productivity of a household's own capital. Our statistical test has considerable power in…

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印度村庄中的风险与保险：评论AI 解读

THE PROTECTION OF POOR HOUSEHOLDS in high-risk agrarian economies from shocks to their incomes has often been seen as a compelling motive for various forms of policy intervention including transfers of cash or food, credit subsidies, and public employment schemes (for a survey see Lipton and Ravallion (1995)). The desirability of such safety net policies clearly depends on how well pre-existing risk-sharing arrangements work. While it is commonly thought that, without…