Stochastic approximation with virtual observations for dose-finding on discrete levels
利用虚拟观测在离散剂量水平上进行随机逼近寻量
Phase I clinical studies are experiments in which a new drug is administered to humans to determine the maximum dose that causes toxicity with a target probability. Phase I dose-finding is often formulated as a quantile estimation problem. For studies with a biological endpoint, it is common to define toxicity by dichotomizing the continuous biomarker expression. In this article, we propose a novel variant of the Robbins-Monro stochastic approximation that utilizes the…