Exact Moments for Autor1egressive and Random walk Models for a Zero or Stationary Initial Value
零初值或平稳初值下自回归与随机游走模型的精确矩
For a first-order autoregressive AR(1) model with zero initial value, x i = ax i−1 ,_, + e i , we provide the bias, mean squared error, skewness, and kurtosis of the maximum likelihood estimator â. Brownian motion approximations by Phillips (1977, Econometrica 45, 463–485; 1978, Biometrika 65, 91–98; 1987, Econometrica 55, 277–301), Phillips and Perron (1988, Biometrika 75, 335–346), and Perron (1991, Econometric Theory 7, 236–252; 1991, Econometrica 59, 211–236), among…