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利用调查数据估计方差分量AI 解读

Summary Inflation-type weighted estimators for variance components can be badly biased. Modified weighted estimators suggested in the literature are also badly biased for certain sampling designs. We propose new estimators for variance components, some of which are approximately unbiased regardless of the sampling design. These estimators require knowledge of the joint inclusion probabilities of the observations. The small sample properties of the estimators are studied via…

癌症临床试验中生活质量分布函数的估计AI 解读

The analysis of quality-of-life data collected at periodic intervals in a cancer clinical trial must account for those patients' data that are ‘missing’ because of death or administrative censoring. We examine estimates of the cumulative distribution function of an interpolated area under a quality-of-life curve as summaries of the quality-of-life experience of a treatment group. A proposed estimator, although biased, offers an improvement over a Kaplan-Meier estimator that…

复杂调查数据的假设检验：经典二次型统计量及回归应用AI 解读

Sample surveys often have complex sample designs with multistage cluster sampling, stratification, and differential selection probabilities. This article is concerned with testing the null hypothesis H 0: θ = θ, where the p-dimensional parameter θ = g( μ ) and μ is a q-dimensional vector of means. The asymptotic framework that consists of a sequence of increasing finite populations is used to define μ as the limit of finite population means. As part of the inference, we use…

复杂调查数据的假设检验：经典二次型统计量及回归应用AI 解读

Sample surveys often have complex sample designs with multistage cluster sampling, stratification, and differential selection probabilities. This article is concerned with testing the null hypothesis H 0: θ = θ, where the p-dimensional parameter θ = g( μ ) and μ is a q-dimensional vector of means. The asymptotic framework that consists of a sequence of increasing finite populations is used to define μ as the limit of finite population means. As part of the inference, we use…

癌症临床试验中生活质量分布函数的估计AI 解读

The analysis of quality-of-life data collected at periodic intervals in a cancer clinical trial must account for those patients' data that are ‘missing’ because of death or administrative censoring. We examine estimates of the cumulative distribution function of an interpolated area under a quality-of-life curve as summaries of the quality-of-life experience of a treatment group. A proposed estimator, although biased, offers an improvement over a Kaplan-Meier estimator that…

分层样本中线性化、刀切法与平衡重复复制方法的大样本性质札记AI 解读

Krewski and Rao consider inference for a (nonlinear) function of a vector of finite population means $\theta = g(\bar{Y}).$ For a sequence of finite populations with increasing number of strata, they demonstrate that $\hat{\theta} = g(\bar{y})$ is asymptotically normal, where $\bar{y}$ is the usual unbiased stratified estimator of $\bar{Y}.$ Additionally, they demonstrate that $(\hat{\theta} - \theta)/\upsilon^{1/2}(\hat{\theta})$ is asymptotically a standard normal…

生命表分析中混合刺激的交互作用AI 解读

An interaction is a response to a mixture of stimuli that, based on the responses to the individual stimuli, seems unexpectedly large or small. The conclusions about the presence of interactions can depend upon the chosen parameterization. For dichotomous outcome variables, a simple probabilistic model of no interaction exists (Finney, 1952). In this model, individuals are at risk from challenges from the background and the separate stimuli, all acting independently. In this…

生命表分析中混合刺激的交互效应AI 解读

An interaction is a response to a mixture of stimuli that, based on the responses to the individual stimuli, seems unexpectedly large or small. The conclusions about the presence of interactions can depend upon the chosen parameterization. For dichotomous outcome variables, a simple probabilistic model of no interaction exists (Finney, 1952). In this model, individuals are at risk from challenges from the background and the separate stimuli, all acting independently. In this…

分类误差下不保持的层级对数线性模型AI 解读

A model of Bross (1954) for classification error in 2 × 2 contingency tables is extended to higher dimensional tables. It is known (Mote and Anderson 1965) that the usual hypothesis tests of independence for a sampled two-dimensional table have the nominal significance level in the presence of misclassification. A simple criterion is given to determine which hierarchical log-linear models in higher dimensional tables do not share this property, that is, are not preserved by…

分类错误下不被保持的层级对数线性模型AI 解读

A model of Bross (1954) for classification error in 2 × 2 contingency tables is extended to higher dimensional tables. It is known (Mote and Anderson 1965) that the usual hypothesis tests of independence for a sampled two-dimensional table have the nominal significance level in the presence of misclassification. A simple criterion is given to determine which hierarchical log-linear models in higher dimensional tables do not share this property, that is, are not preserved by…