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断点回归设计中的灵活协变量调整AI 解读

Empirical regression discontinuity (RD) studies often include covariates in their specifications to increase the precision of their estimates. In this paper, we propose a novel class of estimators that use such covariate information more efficiently than existing methods and can accommodate many covariates. Our estimators are simple to implement and involve running a standard RD analysis after subtracting a function of the covariates from the original outcome variable. We…

模糊断点回归设计中的偏差感知推断AI 解读

We propose new confidence sets (CSs) for the regression discontinuity parameter in fuzzy designs. Our CSs are based on local linear regression, and are bias‐aware, in the sense that they take possible bias explicitly into account. Their construction shares similarities with that of Anderson–Rubin CSs in exactly identified instrumental variable models, and thereby avoids issues with “delta method” approximations that underlie most commonly used existing inference methods for…

Summary We study regression discontinuity designs in which many predetermined covariates, possibly much more than the number of observations, can be used to increase the precision of treatment effect estimates. We consider a two-step estimator which first selects a small number of ‘important’ covariates through a localised lasso-type procedure, and then, in a second step, estimates the treatment effect by including the selected covariates linearly into the usual local linear…

一类矩条件模型中函数值参数的导数估计AI 解读

We develop a general approach to estimating the derivative of a function-valued parameter θo(u) that is identified for every value of u as the solution to a moment condition. This setup in particular covers interesting models for conditional distributions, such as quantile regression or distribution regression. Exploiting that θo(u) solves a moment condition, we obtain an explicit expression for its derivative from the Implicit Function Theorem, and then estimate the…

运行变量被操纵时断点回归设计中的处理效应界AI 解读

The key assumption in regression discontinuity analysis is that the distribution of potential outcomes varies smoothly with the running variable around the cutoff. In many empirical contexts, however, this assumption is not credible; and the running variable is said to be manipulated in this case. In this paper, we show that while causal effects are not point identified under manipulation, one can derive sharp bounds under a general model that covers a wide range of…

干扰函数采用非参数估计时双重稳健估计量的性质AI 解读

An estimator of a finite-dimensional parameter is said to be doubly robust (DR) if it imposes parametric specifications on two unknown nuisance functions, but only requires that one of these two specifications is correct in order for the estimator to be consistent for the object of interest. In this article, we study versions of such estimators that use local polynomial smoothing for estimating the nuisance functions. We show that such semiparametric two-step (STS) versions…

重叠不足下平均处理效应的稳健置信区间AI 解读

Robust Confidence Intervals for Average Treatment Effects under Limited Overlap *Estimators of average treatment effects under unconfounded treatment assignment are known to become rather imprecise if there is limited overlap in the covariate distributions between the treatment groups.But such limited overlap can also have a detrimental effect on inference, and lead for example to highly distorted confidence intervals.This paper shows that this is because the coverage error…

含生成协变量的半参数估计AI 解读

We study a general class of semiparametric estimators when the infinite-dimensional nuisance parameters include a conditional expectation function that has been estimated nonparametrically using generated covariates. Such estimators are used frequently to e.g., estimate nonlinear models with endogenous covariates when identification is achieved using control variable techniques. We study the asymptotic properties of estimators in this class, which is a nonstandard problem…

三角非可分模型识别的不连续性检验AI 解读

This paper presents a test for the validity of control variable approaches to identification in triangular nonseparable models. Assumptions commonly imposed to justify such methods include full independence of instruments and disturbances and existence of a reduced form that is strictly monotonic in a scalar disturbance. We show that if the data has a particular structure, namely that the distribution of the endogenous variable has a mass point at the lower (or upper)…

分解构成效应：协变量如何决定群体间经济结果差异AI 解读

In this article, we study the structure of the composition effect, which is the part of the observed between-group difference in the distribution of some economic outcome that can be explained by differences in the distribution of covariates. Using results from copula theory, we derive a new representation that contains three types of components: (i) the “direct contribution” of each covariate due to between-group differences in the respective marginal distributions, (ii)…

一类条件分布模型的误设检验AI 解读

We propose a specification test for a wide range of parametric models for the conditional distribution function of an outcome variable given a vector of covariates. The test is based on the Cramer–von Mises distance between an unrestricted estimate of the joint distribution function of the data and a restricted estimate that imposes the structure implied by the model. The procedure is straightforward to implement, is consistent against fixed alternatives, has nontrivial…

含非参数生成协变量的非参数回归AI 解读

We analyze the statistical properties of nonparametric regression estimators using covariates which are not directly observable, but have be estimated from data in a preliminary step. These so-called generated covariates appear in numerous applications, including two-stage nonparametric regression, estimation of simultaneous equation models or censored regression models. Yet so far there seems to be no general theory for their impact on the final estimator’s statistical…

分布性政策效应的非参数估计AI 解读

This paper proposes a fully nonparametric procedure to evaluate the effect of a counterfactual change in the distribution of some covariates on the unconditional distribution of an outcome variable of interest. In contrast to other methods, we do not restrict attention to the effect on the mean. In particular, our method can be used to conduct inference on the change of the distribution function as a whole, its moments and quantiles, inequality measures such as the Lorenz…

含内生解释变量的二元响应模型的半参数估计AI 解读

In this paper, we propose a two-step semiparametric maximum likelihood (SML) estimator for the coefficients of a single index binary choice model with endogenous regressors when identification is achieved via a control function approach. The first step consists of estimating a reduced form equation for the endogenous regressors and extracting the corresponding residuals. In the second step, the latter are added as control variates to the outcome equation, which is in turn…