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在生活方式暴露的分子特征构建中考虑因果关系AI 解读

Molecular signatures derived from omics data are increasingly used in epidemiological studies to characterize lifestyle exposures, either as proxies of exposure or to provide insight into disease mechanisms. These signatures are typically constructed by regressing the exposure on high-dimensional omics features. In the literature, an initial univariate screening step has sometimes been applied prior to multivariate modelling, but the causal implications of this choice have…

嵌套病例对照研究加权分析中的纳入概率估计AI 解读

Nested case-control (NCC) studies are a widely adopted design in epidemiology to investigate exposure-disease relationships. This paper examines weighted analyses in NCC studies, focusing on two prominent weighting methods: Kaplan-Meier (KM) weights and Generalized Additive Model (GAM) weights. We consider three target estimands: log-hazard ratios, conditional survival, and associations between exposures. While KM- and GAM-weights are generally robust, we identify specific…