Sharp Inference on Selected Subgroups in Observational Studies
观察性研究中所选子群的锐利推断
In modern drug development, the broader availability of high-dimensional observational data provides opportunities for scientist to explore subgroup heterogeneity, especially when randomized clinical trials are unavailable due to cost and ethical constraints. However, a common practice that naively searches the subgroup with a high treatment level is often misleading due to the "subgroup selection bias." More importantly, the nature of high-dimensional observational data has…