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狄利克雷过程的混合及其贝叶斯非参数应用

研究问题
当狄利克雷过程描述的是潜在参数的混合分布,而非直接观测变量的分布时,如何表达并计算随机概率测度的条件分布?
方法与思路
作者将直接观测情形下的后验更新结果推广到潜在混合分布,正式定义狄利克雷过程的混合,并推导其条件分布计算公式。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称获得这类混合的若干性质,尤其是闭包性质,并展示在生物测定、判别、回归和混合分布问题中的应用。
阅读关注点
应区分狄利克雷过程的混合与具体观测核模型,核对闭包性质的准确含义、条件分布公式及各应用所需的模型设定。
阅读边界
仅据版本未注明的 OpenAlex 索引摘要;定理条件与计算公式未展示,不能推断所有混合模型均具有简单或易计算的后验。

原文摘要

A random process called the Dirichlet process whose sample functions are almost surely probability measures has been proposed by Ferguson as an approach to analyzing nonparametric problems from a Bayesian viewpoint. An important result obtained by Ferguson in this approach is that if observations are made on a random variable whose distribution is a random sample function of a Dirichlet process, then the conditional distribution of the random measure can be easily calculated, and is again a Dirichlet process. This paper extends Ferguson's result to cases where the random measure is a mixing distribution for a parameter which determines the distribution from which observations are made. The conditional distribution of the random measure, given the observations, is no longer that of a simple Dirichlet process, but can be described as being a mixture of Dirichlet processes. This paper gives a formal definition for these mixtures and develops several theorems about their properties, the most important of which is a closure property for such mixtures. Formulas for computing the conditional distribution are derived and applications to problems in bio-assay, discrimination, regression, and mixing distributions are given.

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