Posterior Uncertainty for Targeted Parameters in Bayesian Bootstrap Procedures
贝叶斯自助法中目标参数的后验不确定性AI 解读 ↓
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贝叶斯自助法中目标参数的后验不确定性AI 解读 ↓
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We propose a general method to carry out a valid Bayesian analysis of a finite-dimensional `targeted' parameter in the presence of a finite-dimensional nuisance parameter. We apply our methods to causal inference based on estimating equations. While much of the literature in Bayesian causal inference has relied on the conventional 'likelihood times prior' framework, a recently proposed method, the 'Linked Bayesian Bootstrap', deviated from this classical setting to obtain valid Bayesian inference using the Dirichlet process and the Bayesian bootstrap. These methods rely on an adjustment based on the propensity score and explain how to handle the uncertainty concerning it when studying the posterior distribution of a treatment effect. We examine theoretically the asymptotic properties of the posterior distribution obtained and show that our proposed method, a generalized version of the 'Linked Bayesian Bootstrap', enjoys desirable frequentist properties. In addition, we show that the credible intervals have asymptotically the correct coverage properties. We discuss the applications of our method to mis-specified and singly-robust models in causal inference.
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I propose Nonparametric Bayesian Policy Learning (NBPL) as a framework for uncertainty-aware treatment choice. The key observation is that welfare is fully determined by a reduced-form distribution, so uncertainty about optimal policies entirely reflects uncertainty about this distribution. NBPL places a Dirichlet process prior on the reduced-form distribution and uses the resulting posterior for both traditional policy choice and inference on optimal welfare and optimal…
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Causal estimation of treatment effects within prespecified subgroups, such as biomarker-defined strata, disease phenotypes, or demographic groups are often of clinical interest. Bayesian approaches are attractive for subgroup effect estimation because flexible priors can represent complex treatment heterogeneity and propagate posterior uncertainty. Frequentist methods for prespecified causal subgroup analysis with time-to-event outcomes are also available, including…
通过多重识别实现收缩估计
We propose an empirical Bayes framework for combining estimators obtained from multiple identification functionals associated with the same estimand. We adaptively pool a collection of asymptotically linear estimators, each of which may target a different parameter because of violations of their identification assumptions. Although all estimators are computed from the same sample and are therefore dependent, we show that a working independence construction preserves…
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Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) are frequently used to evaluate interventions, yet conducting causal mediation analysis in these settings remains challenging, particularly when the mediator is measured at the cluster level and the number of clusters is small. Standard inference methods often rely on asymptotic assumptions that fail in finite-sample settings, leading to biased variance estimation and invalid confidence intervals. In this paper, we propose a robust inference…
Abstract Adaptive experiments use preliminary analyses of the data to inform further course of action and are commonly used in many disciplines including medical and social sciences. Because the null hypothesis and experimental design are data-dependent, it has long been recognized that statistical inference for adaptive experiments is not straightforward. Most existing methods only apply to specific adaptive designs and rely on strong assumptions. In this work, we propose…
自适应实验的选择性随机化推断
Adaptive experiments use preliminary analyses of the data to inform further course of action and are commonly used in many disciplines including medical and social sciences. Because the null hypothesis and experimental design are data-dependent, it has long been recognized that statistical inference for adaptive experiments is not straightforward. Most existing methods only apply to specific adaptive designs and rely on strong assumptions. In this work, we propose selective…