Macroeconomic Responses to Uncertainty Shocks: The Perils of Recursive Orderings
不确定性冲击的宏观响应:递归排序的风险AI 解读 ↓
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不确定性冲击的宏观响应:递归排序的风险AI 解读 ↓
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ABSTRACT A common practice in empirical macroeconomics is to examine alternative recursive orderings of the variables in structural vector autoregressive (VAR) models. When the implied impulse responses look similar, the estimates are considered trustworthy. When they do not, the estimates are used to bound the true response without directly addressing the identification challenge. A leading example of this practice is the literature on the effects of uncertainty shocks on economic activity. We prove by counterexample and show by simulation that this practice is invalid, whether the data generating process is a structural VAR model or a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. Simulation evidence suggests that the underlying identification challenge can be addressed using an instrumental variables estimator.
Two frequent approaches for identifying structural VARs are external instruments, which carry economic content but are often weak, and non-Gaussianity of the shocks, which provides statistical identification but carries no economic meaning. We combine the two strategies in a single generalized method of moments framework. This hybrid approach point-identifies the target shocks while also identifying the non-target shocks up to sign and ordering. Under suitable rank…
有意过度识别的局部投影
Local projections (LPs) have become a standard tool for estimating dynamic effects in macroeconomics and are typically implemented using ordinary least squares (OLS) for a given lag order. We propose an alternative approach that exploits additional lags as excluded instrumental variables (IVs). Under a finite-order model with martingale-difference shocks, the resulting (optimally weighted) IV estimator is never asymptotically less efficient than OLS and, as we show, can…
观察性时间序列动态因果效应的半参数推断
In observational time series, statistical inference for dynamic causal effects of a one-time intervention across horizons is complicated by high-dimensional observed pre-treatment information, unmeasured confounding, and serial dependence. To address these challenges, we develop a semiparametric framework for inference from a single serially dependent time series, integrating debiased machine learning with instrumental variables through buffered block cross-fitting. Under…
复杂 SVAR 的依赖野生自助推断:波动率工具变量应用
We propose a dependent wild bootstrap method based on local projections for computing the joint asymptotic distribution of parameter estimates in structural vector autoregression models. This procedure can be applied to the raw data in levels without pretesting while remaining robust to unit roots, cointegration, polynomial trends, and conditionally heteroscedastic shocks in a general form. We show how knowledge of the joint asymptotic distribution in persistent data setups…
时间序列中的动态局部平均处理效应
This paper discusses identification, estimation, and inference on dynamic local average treatment effects (LATEs) in instrumental variables (IVs) settings. First, we show that compliers--observations whose treatment status is affected by the instrument--can be identified individually in time series data using smoothness assumptions and local comparisons of treatment assignments. Second, we show that this result enables not only better interpretability of IV estimates but…
广义似不相关局部投影
We develop a flexible framework for Bayesian estimation of impulse responses using Local Projections (LPs) with instrumental variables. It accommodates multiple shocks and instruments, accounts for autocorrelation in multi-step forecasts by jointly modeling all LPs as a seemingly unrelated system of equations, defines a flexible yet parsimonious joint prior for impulse responses based on a Gaussian Process, and allows for joint inference about the entire vector of impulse…