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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要直接建模多变量计数时间序列的隐马尔可夫动态,因此对应时间序列方法方向,其应用对象并非宏观经济。

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代码、数据与补充材料

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关注这篇论文的作者
S. Mildiner Moraga
E. Aarts

密集纵向计数数据的贝叶斯多层泊松对数正态隐马尔可夫模型

研究问题
多变量纵向计数数据包含个体间异质性时,如何同时恢复随时间切换的隐状态、估计个体参数并量化个体差异?
方法与思路
作者把泊松隐马尔可夫模型扩展为多层模型,用对数正态个体随机效应容纳异质性,并在全参数贝叶斯框架下估计和解码隐状态。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称,模拟中多层模型在存在个体异质性时改善状态解码与发射参数估计,无异质性时表现相当,并给出动物行为与神经活动应用。
阅读关注点
应核对随机效应进入模型的位置、隐状态数选择、个体数据量与参数可识别性,并检查模拟比较以及贝叶斯计算的收敛诊断。
阅读边界
这是 arXiv 预印本,同行评审或期刊接收未获核实;摘要未列出先验、模拟设置和具体误差,所述优势不能直接推广到其他计数过程。

原文摘要

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are probabilistic methods in which observations are seen as realizations of a latent Markov process with discrete states that switch over time. Moving beyond standard statistical tests, HMMs offer a statistical environment to optimally exploit the information present in multivariate time series, uncovering the latent dynamics that rule them. Here, we extend the Poisson HMM to the multilevel framework, accommodating variability between individuals with continuously distributed individual random effects following a lognormal distribution, and describe how to estimate the model in a fully parametric Bayesian framework. The proposed multilevel HMM enables probabilistic decoding of hidden state sequences from multivariate count time-series based on individual-specific parameters, and offers a framework to quantificate between-individual variability formally. Through a Monte Carlo study we show that the multilevel HMM outperforms the HMM for scenarios involving heterogeneity between individuals, demonstrating improved decoding accuracy and estimation performance of parameters of the emission distribution, and performs equally well when not between heterogeneity is present. Finally, we illustrate how to use our model to explore the latent dynamics governing complex multivariate count data in an empirical application concerning pilot whale diving behaviour in the wild, and how to identify neural states from multi-electrode recordings of motor neural cortex activity in a macaque monkey in an experimental set up. We make the multilevel HMM introduced in this study publicly available in the R-package mHMMbayes in CRAN.

笔记与分组
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