IV Quantile Regression for Group-Level Treatments, With an Application to the Distributional Effects of Trade
组层面处理的工具变量分位数回归:贸易的分布效应AI 解读 ↓
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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要明确以分位数方法估计内生组层面处理的分布效应,并使用工具变量处理内生性,对应分布效应与因果推断方向。
组层面处理的工具变量分位数回归:贸易的分布效应AI 解读 ↓
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We present a methodology for estimating the distributional effects of an endogenous treatment that varies at the group level when there are group-level unobservables, a quantile extension of Hausman and Taylor, 1981. Because of the presence of group-level unobservables, standard quantile regression techniques are inconsistent in our setting even if the treatment is independent of unobservables. In contrast, our estimation technique is consistent as well as computationally simple, consisting of group-by-group quantile regression followed by two-stage least squares. Using the Bahadur representation of quantile estimators, we derive weak conditions on the growth of the number of observations per group that are sufficient for consistency and asymptotic zero-mean normality of our estimator. As in Hausman and Taylor, 1981, micro-level covariates can be used as internal instruments for the endogenous group-level treatment if they satisfy relevance and exogeneity conditions. Our approach applies to a broad range of settings including labor, public finance, industrial organization, urban economics, and development; we illustrate its usefulness with several such examples. Finally, an empirical application of our estimator finds that low-wage earners in the United States from 1990 to 2007 were significantly more affected by increased Chinese import competition than high-wage earners.