Default estimation, correlated defaults, and expert information
违约率估计、相关违约与专家信息AI 解读 ↓
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违约率估计、相关违约与专家信息AI 解读 ↓
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Capital allocation decisions are made on the basis of an assessment of creditworthiness. Default is a rare event for most segments of a bank's portfolio and data information can be minimal. Inference about default rates is essential for efficient capital allocation, for risk management and for compliance with the requirements of the Basel II rules on capital standards for banks. Expert information is crucial in inference about defaults. A Bayesian approach is proposed and illustrated using prior distributions assessed from industry experts. A maximum entropy approach is used to represent expert information. The binomial model, most common in applications, is extended to allow correlated defaults yet remain consistent with Basel II. The application shows that probabilistic information can be elicited from experts and econometric methods can be useful even when data information is sparse. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
边际可能误设的 Copula 模型的贝叶斯模块化推断
Copula models of multivariate data are popular because they allow separate specification of marginal distributions and the copula function. These components can be treated as inter-related modules in a modified Bayesian inference approach called ''cutting feedback'' that is robust to their misspecification. Recent work uses a two module approach, where all $d$ marginals form a single module, to robustify inference for the marginals against copula function misspecification,…
宏观审慎政策与下行风险:资本监管的状态依赖效应
This paper employs a Threshold Bayesian Vector Autoregression (TBVAR) to estimate the regime-dependent macroeconomic effects of capital regulation in Hungary. Using the Factor-based Index of Systemic Stress (FISS) as the threshold variable, the model identifies normal and stress regimes consistent with the occasionally binding constraints literature. The TBVAR offers a practical multivariate alternative to Growth-at-Risk for data-constrained economies. Generalised impulse…
组合违约概率的广义脉冲响应:模块化框架与地缘政治风险应用
Credit stress testing requires impulse responses of portfolio default probabilities, not only macro-financial drivers. We derive closed-form generalized impulse responses for the mean, quantiles (PD-at-Risk), and expected shortfall in a modular framework combining a Bayesian VAR, a Gaussian satellite, and the Merton-Vasicek model underlying Basel IRB regulation. Results extend to any probit-Gaussian mapping of a latent factor. Nonlinearity makes responses depend on…
非高斯误差下全局-局部收缩先验的稳健高维贝叶斯回归
Multivariate regression with many correlated responses and predictors commonly violates Gaussian error assumptions due to heavy tails, outliers, and asymmetry. Gaussian procedures then lose efficiency in coefficient estimation and produce biased estimates of conditional dependence graphs. We develop a robust Bayesian framework using a scale-location mixture error distribution and horseshoe+ global-local priors on both the regression coefficients and off-diagonals of the…
贝叶斯平滑分位数回归
The standard asymmetric Laplace framework for Bayesian quantile regression (BQR) suffers from a fundamental decision-theoretic misalignment, yielding biased finite-sample estimates, and precludes gradient-based computation due to non-smoothness. We propose Bayesian smoothed quantile regression (BSQR), a principled framework built on a kernel-smoothed, fully differentiable likelihood. Methodologically, the symmetrizing property of our objective reduces inferential bias and…
多变量贝叶斯机器学习模型的情景分析
We present an econometric framework that adapts tools for scenario analysis, such as variants of conditional forecasts and generalized impulse responses, for use with dynamic nonparametric models. The proposed algorithms are based on predictive simulation and sequential Monte Carlo methods. Their utility is demonstrated with three applications: (1) conditional forecasts based on stress test scenarios, measuring (2) macroeconomic risk under varying financial stress, and…