Bootstrap Inference of Matching Estimators for Average Treatment Effects
平均处理效应匹配估计量的自助法推断AI 解读 ↓
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平均处理效应匹配估计量的自助法推断AI 解读 ↓
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It is known that the naive bootstrap is not asymptotically valid for a matching estimator of the average treatment effect with a fixed number of matches. In this article, we propose asymptotically valid inference methods for matching estimators based on the weighted bootstrap. The key is to construct bootstrap counterparts by resampling based on certain linear forms of the estimators. Our weighted bootstrap is applicable for the matching estimators of both the average treatment effect and its counterpart for the treated population. Also, by incorporating a bias correction method in Abadie and Imbens (2011 ——— (2011), “Bias-Corrected Matching Estimators for Average Treatment Effects,” Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 29, 1–11.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), our method can be asymptotically valid even for matching based on a vector of covariates. A simulation study indicates that the weighted bootstrap method is favorably comparable with the asymptotic normal approximation. As an empirical illustration, we apply the proposed method to the National Supported Work data. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.