Deconvolution When Classifying Noisy Data Involving Transformations
含变换噪声数据分类中的反卷积AI 解读 ↓
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含变换噪声数据分类中的反卷积AI 解读 ↓
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In the present study, we consider the problem of classifying spatial data distorted by a linear transformation or convolution and contaminated by additive random noise. In this setting, we show that classifier performance can be improved if we carefully invert the data before the classifier is applied. However, the inverse transformation is not constructed so as to recover the original signal, and in fact, we show that taking the latter approach is generally inadvisable. We introduce a fully data-driven procedure based on cross-validation, and use several classifiers to illustrate numerical properties of our approach. Theoretical arguments are given in support of our claims. Our procedure is applied to data generated by light detection and ranging (Lidar) technology, where we improve on earlier approaches to classifying aerosols. This article has supplementary materials online.
当处理发生溢出:时空因果效应估计的神经网络框架
Real-world public health policies are often enacted by local jurisdictions, but their effects can ripple through connected populations. For causal evaluation, this creates a difficult spatiotemporal problem: intermittent policy updates create path-level treatments, and because spillover depends on neighboring treatment paths along with the focal-unit's own history, controlling time-varying confounding requires high-dimensional, multimodal information from both sources. To…
时空干扰下用于实验的聚类切换设计
We consider experimentation in the presence of non-stationarity, inter-unit (spatial) interference, and carry-over effects (temporal interference), where we wish to estimate the global average treatment effect (GATE), the difference between average outcomes having exposed all units at all times to treatment or to control. We suppose spatial interference is described by a graph, where a unit's outcome depends on its neighborhood's treatments, and that temporal interference is…
Wigner 矩阵时间序列的相变监测
We develop methodology and theory for the detection of a phase transition in a time-series of high-dimensional random matrices. In the model we study, at each time point \( t = 1,2,\ldots \), we observe a deformed Wigner matrix \( \mathbf{M}_t \), where the unobservable deformation represents a latent signal. This signal is detectable only in the supercritical regime, and our objective is to detect the transition to this regime in real time, as new matrix--valued…
RBF 核高斯过程最大似然估计的精确渐近理论
Gaussian processes (GPs) are widely used across machine learning, spatial statistics, time-series analysis, optimization, Bayesian statistics, and scientific applications. A central component of a GP model is its kernel, which is typically specified through a parametric family. Among the most widely used choices is the radial basis function (RBF), also known as the squared exponential or Gaussian kernel, owing to its simple form, smoothness, and flexibility. In practice, the…
Predict-then-optimize methods learn a mapping from features to unknown edge costs. They then solve the shortest-path problem on the predicted costs. We study a feature-free alternative for the case where the decision-maker observes many noisy cost vectors on a fixed network. The cost vectors are denoised by an eigenvalue decomposition (PCA) of their covariance matrix. Dijkstra's algorithm then runs on the result. We test this on the $5\times5$ grid of \citet{elmachtoub2022},…
用循环神经网络预测自回归非因果过程
This paper examines the use of recurrent neural networks and their extensions for forecasting autoregressive causal-noncausal processes, characterized by local explosive patterns such as bubbles and spikes. We study the recurrent neural networks (RNN), long short-term memory networks (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), bidirectional LSTM, and also a simple feed-forward network (FNN) to reveal the difficulty of forecasting extreme values depending on the type of network and…