Identification and estimation of risk aversion in first-price auctions with unobserved auction heterogeneity
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存在未观测拍卖异质性时第一价格拍卖风险厌恶的识别与估计AI 解读 ↓
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This paper shows point-identification in first-price auctions with risk aversion and unobserved auction heterogeneity, by exploiting multiple bids per auction and variation in the number of bidders. If the exclusion restriction required for point-identification is violated, the recovered primitives are still valid bounds under weaker restrictions. We propose a Sieve Maximum Likelihood Estimator (SMLE). Monte Carlo experiments illustrate that the estimator performs well and that ignoring unobserved auction heterogeneity can bias risk aversion estimates. In an application to timber auctions we find that the bidders are risk-neutral, but we would reject risk-neutrality without accounting for unobserved auction heterogeneity.
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We study fairness in decision-making when the data may encode systematic bias. Existing approaches typically impose fairness constraints while predicting the observed decision, which may itself be unfair. We propose a novel framework for characterising and addressing fairness issues by introducing the notion of desert decision, a latent variable representing the decision an individual rightfully deserves based on their actions, efforts, or abilities. This formulation shifts…
异质性、不确定性与学习:半参数识别和估计
We provide identification results for a broad class of learning models in which continuous outcomes depend on three types of unobservables: known heterogeneity, initially unknown heterogeneity that may be revealed over time, and transitory uncertainty. We consider a common environment where the researcher only has access to a short panel on choices and realized outcomes. We establish identification of the outcome equation parameters and the distribution of the unobservables,…
选择不可观测时动态结构模型的识别与估计
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利用次序统计量识别拍卖中的未观测异质性
We establish nonparametric identification of auction models with continuous and nonseparable unobserved heterogeneity using three consecutive order statistics of bids. We then propose sieve maximum likelihood estimators for the joint distribution of unobserved heterogeneity and the private value, as well as their conditional and marginal distributions. Lastly, we apply our methodology to a novel dataset from judicial auctions in China. Our estimates suggest substantial gains…
半参数与非参数条件矩模型的筛 Wald 和 QLR 推断
This paper considers inference on functionals of semi/nonparametric conditional moment restrictions with possibly nonsmooth generalized residuals, which include all of the (nonlinear) nonparametric instrumental variables (IV) as special cases. These models are often ill-posed and hence it is difficult to verify whether a (possibly nonlinear) functional is root-$n$ estimable or not. We provide computationally simple, unified inference procedures that are asymptotically valid…