Determining the number of groups in latent panel structures with an application to income and democracy
潜在面板结构中的组数确定:收入与民主的应用AI 解读 ↓
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AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要研究潜在分组面板,并将方法用于跨国收入与民主关系,直接对应宏观面板。
潜在面板结构中的组数确定:收入与民主的应用AI 解读 ↓
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We consider a latent group panel structure as recently studied by Su, Shi, and Phillips (2016), where the number of groups is unknown and has to be determined empirically. We propose a testing procedure to determine the number of groups. Our test is a residual-based Lagrange multiplier-type test. We show that after being appropriately standardized, our test is asymptotically normally distributed under the null hypothesis of a given number of groups and has the power to detect deviations from the null. Monte Carlo simulations show that our test performs remarkably well in finite samples. We apply our method to study the effect of income on democracy and find strong evidence of heterogeneity in the slope coefficients. Our testing procedure determines three latent groups among 74 countries.