Difference-in-differences with interference
存在干扰时的双重差分AI 解读 ↓
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存在干扰时的双重差分AI 解读 ↓
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In many scenarios, such as the evaluation of place-based policies, potential outcomes depend not only on the unit’s own treatment but also on its neighbors’ treatments. Despite this, “difference-in-differences” (DID) type estimators typically ignore such interference among neighbors. I show in this paper that the canonical DID estimators generally fail to identify interesting causal effects in the presence of neighborhood interference. To incorporate interference structure into DID estimation, I propose doubly robust estimators for the direct average treatment effect on the treated under a modified parallel trends assumption. I allow spatially correlated assignments, and later relax common restrictions in the literature, such as immediate neighborhood interference and correctly specified spillover functions. Moreover, this paper focuses on a finite-population conditional-inference framework. Robust inference is discussed based on the asymptotic distribution of the proposed estimators.
本地收益大、净收益小:波多黎各首次行业进入的直接与溢出效应
I study how first sizable industry entries reshape local and neighboring labor markets in Puerto Rico. Using over a decade of quarterly municipality--industry data (2014Q1--2025Q1), I identify ``first sizable entries'' as large, persistent jumps in establishments, covered employment, and wage bill, and treat these as shocks to local industry presence at the municipio--industry level. Methodologically, I combine staggered-adoption difference-in-differences estimators that are…
存在网络溢出的交错双重差分:识别与估计
This paper studies staggered difference-in-differences designs in which treated and comparison units can be exposed to other units' adoption. Using an exposure mapping specified by the researcher, we define realized and counterfactual exposure states and decompose the total effect into a switching effect of own adoption and a spillover effect under no own adoption. Conditional parallel trends identify the total and switching effects by matching, respectively, the…
网络依赖与干扰下双重差分的高效非参数估计
Differences-in-differences (DiD) is a causal inference method for observational longitudinal data that assumes parallel expected potential outcome trajectories between treatment groups under the counterfactual scenario where all units receive a specific treatment. In this paper DiD is extended to allow for: (i) non-identically distributed treatment effects and exposure probabilities; (ii) interference, where treatment of one unit can affect outcomes in neighboring units; and…
创新税:生成式人工智能采用、生产率悖论与美国银行业系统性风险
This paper evaluates the causal impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) adoption on productivity and systemic risk in the U.S. banking sector. Using a novel dataset linking SEC 10-Q filings to Federal Reserve regulatory data for 809 financial institutions over 2018--2025, we employ two complementary identification strategies: Dynamic Spatial Durbin Models (DSDM) to capture network spillovers and Synthetic Difference-in-Differences (SDID) for causal inference…
网络局部依赖下的双重差分
Estimating causal effects under interference, where the stable unit treatment value assumption is violated, is critical in fields such as regional and public economics. Much of the existing research on causal inference under interference relies on a pre-specified "exposure mapping". This paper focuses on difference-in-difference and proposes a nonparametric identification strategy for direct and indirect average treatment effects under local interference on an observed…
结合双重负向控制与图神经网络的双重差分:处理未观测网络混杂
Estimating causal effects from observational network data faces dual challenges of network interference and unmeasured confounding. To address this, we propose a general Difference-in-Differences framework that integrates double negative controls (DNC) and graph neural networks (GNNs). Based on the modified parallel trends assumption and DNC, semiparametric identification of direct and indirect causal effects is established. We then propose doubly robust estimators.…