Order-Constrained Spectral Causality for Multivariate Time Series
多变量时间序列的保序约束谱因果性AI 解读 ↓
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多变量时间序列的保序约束谱因果性AI 解读 ↓
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We introduce an operator-theoretic framework for analyzing directional dependence in multivariate time series based on order-constrained spectral non-invariance. Directional influence is defined as the sensitivity of second-order dependence operators to admissible, order-preserving temporal deformations of a designated source component, summarized through orthogonally invariant spectral functionals. We show that the resulting supremum--infimum dispersion functional is the unique diagnostic within this class satisfying order consistency, orthogonal invariance, Loewner monotonicity, second-order sufficiency, and continuity, and that classical Granger causality, directed coherence, and Geweke frequency-domain causality arise as special cases under appropriate restrictions. An information-theoretic impossibility result establishes that entrywise-stable edge-based tests require quadratic sample size scaling in distributed (non-sparse) regimes, whereas spectral tests detect at the optimal linear scale. We establish uniform consistency and valid shift-based randomization inference under weak dependence. Simulations confirm correct size and strong power across distributed and nonlinear alternatives, and an empirical application illustrates system-level directional causal structure in financial markets.
I study randomization inference for dynamic causal effects in panels with many units and few periods when treatment is endogenous and an instrument is as good as randomly assigned only through the innovations of a first-order autoregressive assignment mechanism with unknown persistence. The persistence is a nuisance parameter in two senses: it determines which weighted average of heterogeneous causal effects the instrumented local projection estimand measures, and it governs…
中断时间序列的因果中介分析:稳定中介加权及车辆排放政策应用
Population-level policies are introduced at a fixed time and evaluated from a single series of aggregate outcomes, and the interrupted time series design estimates the total shift in an outcome after the intervention. When the policy is expected to act through a measurable pathway, the total effect is less informative than its decomposition into direct and indirect effects. We formulate causal mediation for a single interrupted time series and study stabilized mediator…
序列相关下的稳健双样本推断
We propose robust inference for two-sample comparison with time-series data under serial dependence and heterogeneous long-run variances. Standardizing with orthonormal-basis (series HAR) projections, we develop two-sample t-tests and, for joint hypotheses on a vector of means, a series HAR Wald statistic. Because the increasing-K chi-square limit tends to over-reject, we propose Welch-type fixed-K t- and F-approximations with adjusted degrees of freedom. We further develop…
GRACE:高维时间序列因果边发现的门控精炼方法
From climate teleconnections to gene regulation, modern time-series datasets encompass tens or hundreds of interacting variables, making causal discovery increasingly challenging. Constraint-based methods offer statistical rigor but their nonlinear CI tests are infeasible at scale, while score-based alternatives avoid CI testing but require arbitrary thresholds to binarize continuous edge scores. We propose GRACE ($\textbf{G}$ated $\textbf{R}$efinement for $\textbf{A}$ccurate…
基于广义协方差的综合序列相关检验
We study nonlinear serial dependence tests for non-Gaussian time series and residuals of dynamic models based on portmanteau statistics involving nonlinear autocovariances. A new test with an asymptotic $χ^2$ distribution is introduced for testing nonlinear serial dependence (NLSD) in time series. This test is inspired by the Generalized Covariance (GCov) residual-based specification test, recently proposed as a diagnostic tool for semi-parametric dynamic models with i.i.d.…
多变量时间序列复合极端事件的因果尾部系数
Extreme events are often multivariate in nature. A compound extreme occurs when a combination of variables jointly produces a significant impact, even if individual components are not necessarily marginally extreme. Compound extremes have been observed across a wide range of domains, including space weather, climate, and environmental science. For example, heavy rainfall sustained over consecutive days can impose cumulative stress on urban drainage systems, potentially…