Dimension reduction for nonelliptically distributed predictors
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Sufficient dimension reduction methods often require stringent conditions on the joint distribution of the predictor, or, when such conditions are not satisfied, rely on marginal transformation or reweighting to fulfill them approximately. For example, a typical dimension reduction method would require the predictor to have elliptical or even multivariate normal distribution. In this paper, we reformulate the commonly used dimension reduction methods, via the notion of “central solution space,” so as to circumvent the requirements of such strong assumptions, while at the same time preserve the desirable properties of the classical methods, such as $\sqrt{n}$-consistency and asymptotic normality. Imposing elliptical distributions or even stronger assumptions on predictors is often considered as the necessary tradeoff for overcoming the “curse of dimensionality,” but the development of this paper shows that this need not be the case. The new methods will be compared with existing methods by simulation and applied to a data set.
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We develop a semiparametric continuous time inferential framework for testing cumulative treatment effects, including both immediate and carryover effects. The latent state process is modeled by an ordinary differential equation (ODE) whose drift depends on state and treatment, while the observed data are noisy measurements of this latent state at irregular, multi resolution time points. We define the average treatment effect (ATE) as the difference of expected cumulative…
Joint-event forecasts combine an estimated dependence model with current marginal forecasts. Retaining historical transforms at the marginal fits available when each outcome arrived creates overlapping estimation errors. We derive their joint influence with the terminal estimates in a stable Vine Copula VAR with normal innovation margins and a fixed, correctly specified Gaussian or positive Clayton vine. An intercept identity and the stable VAR filter reduce the historical…
We study inference for continuous linear functionals of solutions to ill-posed inverse problems, including Euclidean parameters arising in nonparametric instrumental variables, proximal causal inference, and shadow-variable models. Although pointwise root-$n$ inference is possible under standard conditions, we show that this need not translate into locally reliable inference. Under a model imposing only minimal regularity conditions, the target is Hellinger discontinuous…
近端估计与推断
Abstract We develop a convex-analytic framework for constructing and analyzing a broad class of penalized estimators. Our method defines penalized estimators by applying proximal operators to benchmark estimators, rather than by penalizing the benchmark criterion itself. We establish general finite-sample properties, derive unified asymptotic distribution results, and provide tractable conditions for oracle selection and oracle asymptotic efficiency. We then apply the…
Motivation: Mediation analysis is an important tool for elucidating causal mechanisms in biomedical research and has recently gained increasing attention in microbiome studies. Motivated by a microbiome study of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, we investigate whether the effect of induction chemotherapy intensity on infection status is mediated through gut microbial taxa. This problem poses substantial methodological challenges due to the high dimensionality, zero…