A unified framework for covariate adjustment under stratified randomization
分层随机化下协变量调整的统一框架AI 解读 ↓
← 返回论文列表与筛选
阅读说明
本页整理公开书目信息，不生成学术质量评分。AI 解读根据题名及所注明的摘要或原文片段生成，未完成全文核验，可能有误；具体假设、证明与结论请核对原文。摘要保留来源文本，未经模型改写。
DOI 首次登记不等于接收或发表日期。部分更正、评论等条目没有独立摘要；缺少可靠材料时保留待补状态。
本页为预印本版本；arXiv 收录、作者填写的期刊信息以及作者既有发表经历，都不单独证明本篇已接收。作者发表记录按 OpenAlex 身份与完整姓名、本站覆盖期刊 ISSN 及正式卷期核对，只展示已核实例，档案仍可能误合并。
引用量采用 OpenAlex 单条关联记录，不合计多个记录；关联记录可能包含正式发表版本，不等于此版本单独引用。缺失不视为零，引用指标不代表论文质量。
关注作者按书目中的完整姓名匹配，同名和姓名变体需人工辨别。相关论文先按共享细分方向和具体方法排列，再参考通用方法与发表日期。
分类依据与纠错
AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类：摘要直接讨论分层随机实验中的治疗效应估计、协变量调整和有效推断。
反馈分类问题
正在核对关联版本…
代码、数据与补充材料
正在核对对应版本的资源…
关注这篇论文的作者
分层随机化下协变量调整的统一框架
- 研究问题
- 在分层随机实验中，如何使用非参数或机器学习方法调整协变量，以改善治疗效应估计效率并保持统计推断有效？
- 方法与思路
- 作者建立协变量调整与推断的统一框架，证明局部线性核加权回归这一特例，并提出利用样本分割的高维机器学习推断算法。
- 材料陈述的贡献
- 摘要称，研究为分层随机化下的非线性协变量调整提供理论框架，并通过不同数据生成情形比较机器学习治疗效应估计方法。
- 阅读关注点
- 应核对随机化机制、效应估计量与方差公式、样本分割是否保持分层设计，以及学习器所需的收敛条件和效率比较范围。
- 阅读边界
- 所给版本为 arXiv 预印本，不能据此确认同行评审或期刊接收；摘要未说明完整渐近条件，也未给出各学习器的数值比较结果。
原文摘要
Randomization, as a key technique in clinical trials, can eliminate sources of bias and produce comparable treatment groups. In randomized experiments, the treatment effect is a parameter of general interest. Researchers have explored the validity of using linear models to estimate the treatment effect and perform covariate adjustment and thus improve the estimation efficiency. However, the relationship between covariates and outcomes is not necessarily linear, and is often intricate. Advances in statistical theory and related computer technology allow us to use nonparametric and machine learning methods to better estimate the relationship between covariates and outcomes and thus obtain further efficiency gains. However, theoretical studies on how to draw valid inferences when using nonparametric and machine learning methods under stratified randomization are yet to be conducted. In this paper, we discuss a unified framework for covariate adjustment and corresponding statistical inference under stratified randomization and present a detailed proof of the validity of using local linear kernel-weighted least squares regression for covariate adjustment in treatment effect estimators as a special case. In the case of high-dimensional data, we additionally propose an algorithm for statistical inference using machine learning methods under stratified randomization, which makes use of sample splitting to alleviate the requirements on the asymptotic properties of machine learning methods. Finally, we compare the performances of treatment effect estimators using different machine learning methods by considering various data generation scenarios, to guide practical research.