Nested Nonparametric Instrumental Variable Regression
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Several causal parameters in short panel data models are functionals of a nested nonparametric instrumental variable regression (nested NPIV). Recent examples include mediated, time varying, and long term treatment effects identified using proxy variables. In econometrics, examples arise in triangular simultaneous equations and hedonic price systems. However, it appears that explicit mean square convergence rates for nested NPIV are unknown, preventing inference on some of these parameters with generic machine learning. A major challenge is compounding ill posedness due to the nested inverse problems. To limit how ill posedness compounds, we introduce two techniques: relative well posedness, and multiple robustness to ill posedness. With these techniques, we provide explicit mean square rates for nested NPIV and efficient inference for recently identified causal parameters. Our nonasymptotic analysis accommodates neural networks, random forests, and reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. It extends to causal functions, e.g. heterogeneous long term treatment effects.
基于双重/去偏机器学习的时变连续处理双重差分
We propose a difference-in-differences (DiD) framework designed for time-varying continuous treatments across multiple periods. Specifically, we estimate the average treatment effect on the treated (ATET) by comparing distinct non-zero treatment intensities. Identification rests on a conditional parallel trends assumption that accounts for observed covariates and past treatment histories. Our approach allows for lagged treatment effects and, in repeated cross-sectional…
内生性面板数据中连续处理效应的双重/去偏机器学习
We propose a double/debiased machine learning framework to estimate average derivative effects in nonparametric panel models with two-way fixed effects. It extends instrumental variable methods to panel settings, handles continuous treatments and various forms of endogeneity, and introduces a cross-fitting scheme to restore independence after eliminating time fixed effects. A penalized GMM debiasing term enables automatic debiased machine learning with endogeneity. Our…
用于政策学习的半参数工具变量双重差分方法
Summary Recently, there has been a surge in methodological development for the difference-in-differences approach to evaluate causal effects. Standard methods in the literature rely on the parallel-trend assumption to identify the average treatment effect on the treated. However, the parallel-trend assumption may be violated in the presence of unmeasured confounding, and the average treatment effect on the treated may not be useful in learning a treatment assignment policy…
利用双重差分与机器学习高效估计纵向处理效应
Difference-in-differences is based on a parallel trends assumption, which states that changes over time in average potential outcomes are independent of treatment assignment, possibly conditional on covariates. With time-varying treatments, parallel trends assumptions can identify many types of parameters, but most work has focused on group-time average treatment effects and similar parameters conditional on the treatment trajectory. This paper focuses instead on…
用于政策学习的半参数工具变量双重差分方法
Recently, there has been a surge in methodological development for the difference-in-differences (DiD) approach to evaluate causal effects. Standard methods in the literature rely on the parallel trends assumption to identify the average treatment effect on the treated. However, the parallel trends assumption may be violated in the presence of unmeasured confounding, and the average treatment effect on the treated may not be useful in learning a treatment assignment policy…
平均处理效应局部化:合成控制中的投影方法
Many real-world policies and business interventions require assessing short-term effects to inform timely decisions, even though most causal inference methods focus on long-term average treatment effects. In this article, we introduce average treatment effect localization (ATEL), which captures localized, short-term policy impacts in panel data settings with a single treated unit and provides early indicators of policy impact. To accommodate both time-varying and nonlinear…