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本页整理公开书目信息,不生成学术质量评分。AI 解读根据题名及所注明的摘要或原文片段生成,未完成全文核验,可能有误;具体假设、证明与结论请核对原文。摘要保留来源文本,未经模型改写。

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引用量采用 OpenAlex 单条关联记录,不合计多个记录;关联记录可能包含正式发表版本,不等于此版本单独引用。缺失不视为零,引用指标不代表论文质量。

关注作者按书目中的完整姓名匹配,同名和姓名变体需人工辨别。相关论文先按共享细分方向和具体方法排列,再参考通用方法与发表日期。

分类依据与纠错

AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要属于一般抽样设计与总体估计,双向分层本身不构成面板数据或其他所列方向的依据。

反馈分类问题

正在核对关联版本…

代码、数据与补充材料

正在核对对应版本的资源…

关注这篇论文的作者
Edward C. Bryant
H. O. Hartley
R. J. Jessen

双向分层的设计与估计

研究问题
当两个分层标准都适合用于抽样,但允许的样本量少于交叉形成的层数时,如何设计抽样并估计总体特征?
方法与思路
作者提出适用于该情形的抽样估计方法,讨论有偏与无偏估计量,并考察分层效应、交叉层规模和确定性样本配置。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称,加性分层效应下方法尤其有效;文中给出两类估计量的方差,以及获得基本无偏方差估计的方法。
阅读关注点
应核对具体抽样规则、估计目标、加性条件与交叉层比例条件,以及确定性配置如何影响效率和方差估计。
阅读边界
仅据版本未注明的 OpenAlex 索引摘要;效率判断依赖摘要所述条件,具体配置算法、公式及适用范围尚不能确定。

原文摘要

One may encounter populations for which there are two effective stratifying criteria, both of which are desirable in a sample design. However, the number of permitted observations may be less than the number of strata formed by the usual double stratification technique. A method which will permit estimation in these cases is presented. Both biased and unbiased estimators are considered. It is shown that if the stratification effects are additive in the analysis-of-variance sense the method is particularly effective. Also, if the substrata sizes (formed from the two-way classification of the population according to the stratifying criteria) are proportional to the product of the corresponding one-way strata sizes, the possible loss in efficiency compared to single stratification is trivial. Even in populations in which substrata disproportion is great one can still use the method effectively by employing a method of allocating, with certainty, some of the sample observations to the substrata. Variances of both biased and unbiased estimators are given, along with a method for obtaining essentially unbiased estimates of the variances.

笔记与分组