Iterative Instrumental Variables Method and Estimation of a Large Simultaneous System
迭代工具变量法与大型联立方程系统的估计AI 解读 ↓
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迭代工具变量法与大型联立方程系统的估计AI 解读 ↓
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The estimation method proposed here offers a way to achieve consistent estimates of simultaneous systems for which the number of observations falls short of the number of predetermined variables in the system as a whole. This method, called the iterative instrumental variables (IIV) method, can be described as iterative use of the instrumental variable interpretation of the 2SLS as given by Klein. A discussion is presented on convergence of the iterative procedure and the asymptotic properties of the IIV method. The special case of the OLS start of the iterative procedure is carefully examined. It is argued that the IIV and the 2SLS methods yield estimators with the same asymptotic distribution. An analysis of the asymptotic covariance matrix of the structural coefficients is presented and compared with that given by Basmann for the 2SLS method. Finally, we analyze the results of a test application of the IIV method to an undersized simultaneous system.
Two frequent approaches for identifying structural VARs are external instruments, which carry economic content but are often weak, and non-Gaussianity of the shocks, which provides statistical identification but carries no economic meaning. We combine the two strategies in a single generalized method of moments framework. This hybrid approach point-identifies the target shocks while also identifying the non-target shocks up to sign and ordering. Under suitable rank…
有意过度识别的局部投影
Local projections (LPs) have become a standard tool for estimating dynamic effects in macroeconomics and are typically implemented using ordinary least squares (OLS) for a given lag order. We propose an alternative approach that exploits additional lags as excluded instrumental variables (IVs). Under a finite-order model with martingale-difference shocks, the resulting (optimally weighted) IV estimator is never asymptotically less efficient than OLS and, as we show, can…
IV-LASSO 的工具变量字典与惩罚选择
Estimating the first stage of an instrumental variables (IV) model with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) requires choosing a dictionary of technical instruments and a penalty level. First-order asymptotic theory offers no guidance on these choices, as any consistent implementation yields a structural parameter estimator with the same limiting distribution. In finite samples, however, these choices can have a substantial impact on the resulting…
非线性矩模型的高效随机广义矩估计
We study the asymptotic properties of the nonlinear stochastic GMM algorithm proposed by Chen, Lee, Liao, Seo, Shin and Song for recursively estimating parameters defined by possibly nonlinear and overidentified moment restrictions $\E[g(X,β^*)]=0$. Each observation updates estimates of the moment Jacobian, inverse covariance matrix and Gauss--Newton preconditioner at a cost independent of sample size. For linear and nonlinear instrumental-variable moments, we derive an…
嵌套工具变量分析:转换者平均处理效应及可推广性
Instrumental variables (IVs) are widely used to estimate causal effects from non-randomized data. A canonical example is a randomized trial with noncompliance, in which the randomized treatment assignment serves as an IV for the non-ignorable treatment received. Under a monotonicity assumption, a valid IV nonparametrically identifies the average treatment effect among a latent complier subgroup, whose generalizability is often under debate. In many studies, there exist…
借助知识迁移增强代表性不足子群体的工具变量分析
Instrumental variable (IV) analysis in underrepresented target populations suffers from low statistical efficiency and weak IV bias due to limited sample size. Leveraging external knowledge from a source population with larger samples offers an appealing solution to this problem. We propose in this paper the KNowledge-powered IV Estimator for underrepresented Subpopulations (KNIVES), a framework that enhances the IV analysis for underrepresented subpopulations by…