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分类依据与纠错

AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要研究随机实验的反事实治疗效应、IPW/AIPW 估计及可持续监测的置信序列。

反馈分类问题

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代码、数据与补充材料

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关注这篇论文的作者
Michael Lindon
Nathan Kallus

延迟结局与错峰入组随机实验的设计型随时有效推断

研究问题
当受试单位错峰入组且结局发生时间受治疗影响时,如何持续监测截至某日的反事实累计增量收益,并保持设计型推断有效?
方法与思路
作者按实验组分别构造事件时间滤过,使组内 IPW 误差具有鞅性质,再以联合界合并置信序列,并刻画保持该性质的 AIPW 增广。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要指出治疗效应 IPW 误差的鞅构造障碍,提出分组置信序列方案,并称其可优于传统设计型方差上界,同时适应异质性与非平稳环境。
阅读关注点
应核对累计收益的反事实定义、分组滤过与随机化信息结构,以及联合界覆盖保证、允许的增广形式和比较优势成立的条件。
阅读边界
这是 arXiv 预印本,同行评审及期刊接收未核实;摘要未给出置信序列公式与完整设计条件,也未量化相对传统方差界的改善。

原文摘要

Delayed outcomes are ubiquitous in online experimentation: treatment can affect whether an outcome occurs, when it occurs, and its realized value. To accommodate staggered entry while remaining robust to environmental nonstationarity and unit-level heterogeneity, we adopt a design-based perspective and target the sample cumulative reward in each arm as a function of calendar time. Our confidence sequences allow practitioners to continuously monitor the counterfactual incremental reward, such as revenue, that would have been realized by calendar time $t$ had all entered units been assigned to treatment rather than control. The main technical challenge is the choice of design-based filtration, complicated by the presence of asynchronous potential outcome times. We show that the IPW treatment-effect estimation error is not a martingale with respect to any filtration, while each arm-specific IPW estimation error is a martingale with respect to a carefully chosen arm-specific event-time filtration. We therefore construct a confidence sequence for the treatment effect by combining two arm-level confidence sequences with a union bound, and further demonstrate that this can outperform the traditional design-based variance upper bound. Finally, we characterize the class of augmentations for which the per-arm AIPW estimation error remains a martingale.

笔记与分组