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关注这篇论文的作者
Tijana Zrnic
William Fithian

灵活应对赢家诅咒的推断方法

研究问题
从多个候选中选择经验表现最好者后,如何修正其表现被高估的问题,并对赢家或接近赢家的对象进行有效推断?
方法与思路
作者提出 zoom correction,摘要称其可用于参数与非参数设定、处理候选之间的任意依赖,并随选择偏差程度调整。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要称该方法支持对经验赢家的有效推断,并可扩展到前若干名、总体赢家的价值与身份,以及接近赢家的候选。
阅读关注点
应核对有效推断的概率保证、所需分布信息与计算方式,以及任意依赖和选择偏差自适应分别成立的条件。
阅读边界
仅依据所给 Crossref 摘要;覆盖保证、具体假设及实现细节未说明,治疗例子本身也不足以建立因果识别。

原文摘要

Across science and policy, decision-makers often need to draw conclusions about the best candidate among competing alternatives. For instance, researchers may seek to infer the effectiveness of the most successful treatment or determine which demographic group benefits most from a specific treatment. Similarly, in machine learning, practitioners are often interested in the population performance of the model that performs best empirically. However, cherry-picking the best candidate leads to the winner’s curse: the observed performance for the winner is biased upwards, rendering conclusions based on standard measures of uncertainty invalid. We introduce the zoom correction, a novel approach for valid inference on the winner. Our method is flexible: it can be employed in both parametric and nonparametric settings, can handle arbitrary dependencies between candidates, and automatically adapts to the level of selection bias. The method easily extends to important related problems, such as inference on the top k winners, inference on the value and identity of the population winner, and inference on “near-winners.”

笔记与分组