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本页整理公开书目信息,不生成学术质量评分。AI 解读根据题名及所注明的摘要或原文片段生成,未完成全文核验,可能有误;具体假设、证明与结论请核对原文。摘要保留来源文本,未经模型改写。

DOI 首次登记不等于接收或发表日期。部分更正、评论等条目没有独立摘要;缺少可靠材料时保留待补状态。

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分类依据与纠错

AI 根据所提供的论文材料归类:摘要明确使用同一患者的重复计数、个体随机效应和时间相关性,直接对应纵向面板建模。

反馈分类问题

Detection of Unusual Increases in MRI Lesion Counts in Individual Multiple Sclerosis Patients

识别个体多发性硬化患者 MRI 病灶计数的异常增加

正在核对关联版本…

代码、数据与补充材料

正在核对对应版本的资源…

关注这篇论文的作者
Yinshan Zhao
David K. B. Li
A. John Petkau
Andrew Riddehough
Anthony Traboulsee

识别个体多发性硬化患者 MRI 病灶计数的异常增加

研究问题
如何依据患者既往 MRI 病灶计数,衡量近期病灶数异常增多的可能性,为多发性硬化临床试验安全监测提供指标?
方法与思路
作者采用随机效应模型,给定个体效应后允许负二项计数存在时间相关性,并比较全参数最大似然与随机效应分布未指定的半参数估计。
材料陈述的贡献
摘要提出依据历史计数评估近期高计数的条件概率指标,并随新增试验数据更新估计,通过模拟与临床试验资料展示方法。
阅读关注点
应核对时间相关性的建模、随机效应分布的处理、两种估计程序及更新机制,并查看异常判定阈值和监测性能如何评估。
阅读边界
仅据 OpenAlex 索引摘要,稿件版本未注明;摘要未给出警报阈值、误报率或模拟结论,不能据此作临床判定。

原文摘要

Data Safety and Monitoring Boards (DSMBs) for multiple sclerosis clinical trials consider an increase of contrast-enhancing lesions on repeated magnetic resonance imaging an indicator for potential adverse events. However, there are no published studies that clearly identify what should be considered an “unexpected increase” of lesion activity for a patient. To address this problem, we consider as an index the likelihood of observing lesion counts as large as those observed on the recent scans of a patient conditional on the patient’s lesion counts on previous scans. To estimate this index, we rely on random effects models. Given the patient-specific random effect, we assume that the repeated lesion counts from the same patient follow a negative binomial distribution and may be correlated over time. We fit the model using data collected from the trial under DSMB review and update the estimation when new data are to be reviewed. We consider two estimation procedures: maximum likelihood for a fully parameterized model and a simple semiparametric method for a model with an unspecified distribution for the random effects. We examine the performance of our methods using simulations and illustrate the approach using data from a clinical trial. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.

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